All along, for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in clinical advocated the “three early” principle, namely, “early discovery, early diagnosis and early treatment”, in which early diagnosis is the key. The early diagnosis and mostly from our “gold standard” – pathological diagnosis. Therefore, how in the pathology report was found on a single tumor “signals” is our need to understand the content.

Pathology report card generally include: They are generally seen, endoscopic findings, diagnostic results, a special inspection. Among them, the pathologist who observed under the microscope at the molecular level phenomena and biopsy carried out on the professional description, it is very important content. Below. For the single-most common tumor pathology report “information” language, 11 reading.

Dysplasia: also known as atypical hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, anaplastic, are epithelial cells, the long-standing chronic irritation due to abnormal proliferation occurs. For example, cervical dysplasia refers to cervical epithelial cells were partially or in part shaped and non-atypical hyperplasia, the report is often described with CIN. CIN sub-3, level the higher the opportunity to develop into more invasive. Once the proposed grade CIN is necessary to regularly follow-up or active treatment. Similarly, the intestinal tract, bronchus, breast and other lesion dysplasia have to pay attention.

Differentiation: an organization of cells from the embryo to mature to go through the various stages of differentiation, differentiation the higher the better of their maturity. In cancer report, generally need to describe their degree of differentiation, on behalf of the corresponding degree of malignancy, prognosis and other “information.”

Cancerous trend: that is, “pre-cancerous lesions.” “Precancerous lesion” is not cancer, but continue to develop, there may be cancerous. Therefore, we must heighten their vigilance. Common are:

Leukoplakia: often occurs in the esophagus, mouth and vulva, etc., if the mucous membrane of squamous epithelium hyperplasia, and accompanied by a certain degree of atypia, there is likely to turn into squamous cell carcinoma. Junction nevus: Multi-located in the palm, foot palm, external genitalia, and back, often subject to friction, trauma or infection such as stimulation, prone to cancer.

Of chronic atrophic gastritis: About 10% of chronic atrophic gastritis patients with cancer may occur.

Cervical erosion: Cervical erosion is a woman the more common lesions, including moderate and severe erosion of the squamous cervical dysplasia, prone to cancer.

Breast cystic hyperplasia and breast fibroadenoma: more common in women over 40 years of age, with age increases, the possibility of cancer will increase too.

Multiple familial polyposis syndrome: colonic polyps are adenomatous polyps, cancer rate of 50%, there is family history.

Cancer suspect: Such reports indicate that cancer can not be completely sure, or have reservations about the diagnosis of cancer, needs further examination. Analyze the reasons may be due to a typical lesion is not enough, nature is difficult, or a tendency although malignant, but the organization too small or the amount of compression and so on. Such reports, the more will appear, “to consider … …” “tend to … …” “may be … …” and so forth. For example, “tubular adenoma in the rectum – severe atypical hyperplasia, local cancer may be.” These reports require the doctors to re-biopsy or surgery carried out to do frozen section, and needs to close follow-up of patients.

Carcinoma in situ: carcinoma in situ refers to cancer cells is limited to the mucosa epithelium or skin of the epidermis, the yet to penetrate the basement membrane infiltration into the submucosa or dermis of cancer. In layman’s terms, carcinoma in situ is a newly formed near the primary cancer, such as cervical, stomach, skin, carcinoma in situ and so on.

In short, the pathology report card on cancer “information” can evoke a high degree of vigilance of the cancer, strengthen the prevention and reduction of the incidence of cancer. We have to look at science and pathology report, pathology report, after all, made by people, sometimes the number of pathology report with a certain amount of subjectivity is also experience ingredients are difficult to exclude.